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Terpenes and their anticancer potential: a promising new avenue?
Terpenes, aromatic compounds found in many plants, including cannabis, are renowned for their distinctive aromas and therapeutic effects. Recent studies also suggest their anti-cancer potential.
Terpenes: multi-faceted compounds
Terpenes are hydrocarbons produced by many plants, including cannabis. They play an essential role in protecting plants from predators and disease, while attracting pollinators with their varied aromas.
In addition to their ecological functions, terpenes have therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and analgesic properties.
Limonene: a terpene with promising anti-cancer properties
Limonene, found in citrus fruits and some varieties of cannabis, has been studied for its anti-cancer effects. A 2021 review compiled research showing that limonene can reduce the size, volume and number of tumors in animals.
In addition, a clinical study found that daily consumption of 2 grams of limonene for six weeks resulted in a 22% decrease in tumor cell expression in women with breast cancer.
Other terpenes of interest: phytol
Phytol, found in green tea and certain cannabis varieties such as Sour Diesel and Cheese, also shows anti-cancer potential.
Research indicates that phytol has pain-relieving and anti-inflammatory properties, and can induce apoptosis, a programmed cell death process essential in the treatment of cancer.
Synergy between terpenes and cannabinoids: the entourage effect
Cannabinoids, such as THC and CBD, are known for their anti-cancer properties, including induction of apoptosis and inhibition of tumor growth.
Other cannabinoids, such as CBC and CBG, also possess anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties.
The combination of these cannabinoids with terpenes creates a synergistic effect, known as the entourage effect, which amplifies their therapeutic benefits.
Conclusion
Terpenes offer promising potential in the fight against cancer. Although further research is needed to fully understand their mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy, current studies suggest that these natural compounds could complement conventional anti-cancer treatments.
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